Lyndon Johnson was given a full military honor ceremony upon his arrival in Saigon.
AP Photo
"Transformative Choices: Leaders and the Origins of Intervention Strategy"
Journal Article, International Security, volume 34, issue 2, pages 119-161
Fall 2009
Author: Elizabeth N. Saunders
Belfer Center Programs or Projects: Quarterly Journal: International Security
When and why do great powers seek to transform foreign institutions and societies through military interventions? What role does executive leadership play in influencing the choice of intervention strategy, especially the degree to which an intervention interferes in the domestic institutions of the target state? A typology of political leaders based on whether they believe that the internal characteristics of other states are the ultimate source of threats indicates that these threat perceptions shape the cost-benefit calculation leaders make when they confront intervention decisions; they also have important consequences for how states intervene. A comparison of the beliefs of President John F. Kennedy and President Lyndon B. Johnson, as well as their decisionmaking during the Vietnam War, illustrates how the theory operates.
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