National Academy of Sciences

Making the Nation Safer: The Role of Science and Technology in Countering Terrorism

Report, National Academy Press

2002

Belfer Center Programs or Projects: International Security; Science, Technology, and Public Policy

Vulnerabilities abound in U.S. society. The openness and efficiency of our key infrastructures transportation, information and telecommunications systems, health systems, the electric power grid, emergency response units, food and water supplies, and others make them susceptible to terrorist attacks. Making the Nation Safer discusses technical approaches to mitigating these vulnerabilities.

A broad range of topics are covered in this book, including:

- Nuclear and radiological threats, such as improvised nuclear devices and dirty bombs;

- Bioterrorism, medical research, agricultural systems and public health;

- Toxic chemicals and explosive materials;

Information technology, such as communications systems, data management, cyber attacks, and identification and authentication systems;

- Energy systems, such as the electrical power grid and oil and natural gas systems;

- Transportation systems;

- Cities and fixed infrastructures, such as buildings, emergency operations centers, and tunnels;

- The response of people to terrorism, such as how quality of life and morale of the population can be a target of terrorists and how people respond to terrorist attacks; and

- Linked infrastructures, i.e. the vulnerabilities that result from the interdependencies of key systems;

In each of these areas, there are recommendations on how to immediately apply existing knowledge and technology to make the nation safer and on starting research and development programs that could produce innovations that will strengthen key systems and protect us against future threats. The book also discusses issues affecting the government s ability to carry out the necessary science and engineering programs and the important role of industry, universities, and states, counties, and cities in homeland security efforts.

A long term commitment to homeland security is necessary to make the nation safer, and this book lays out a roadmap of how science and engineering can assist in countering terrorism.

Reviews

"...will be of interest to experts in each of the various subfields. But even for nonspecialist readers, there is something her of deeper interest... the volume imparts a sense of the extraordinary range of talents and resources that the United States can bring to bear to counter or mitigate horrible new threats."

-- Foreign Affairs, November/December 2002

"All in all, if policy makers reading this book are sobered by the task at hand, this book will have served its purpose."

-- Physics & Society, January 2003

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Full text of this publication is available at:
http://www.nap.edu/catalog/10415.html

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