BOOK CHAPTERS
Published by Springer
April 2, 2013
Assessment of the Nuclear Programs of Iran and North Korea: Foreword
By Olli Heinonen, Senior Fellow, Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs
During the last two decades, there have been successes but also disappointments in fighting against nuclear proliferation. On the positive side, we witnessed the dismantlement of nuclear weapons programs in South Africa, Iraq, and Libya.
December 2012
"Preliminary Considerations: On National Cyber Security"
By Melissa Hathaway, Senior Advisor, Explorations in Cyber International Relations and Alexander Klimburg
In this chapter, Melissa Hathaway and Alexander Klimburg introduce three conceptual tools to help focus the strategic context and debate. These are termed the "three dimensions," the "five mandates," and the "five dilemmas" of national cyber security. Each dimension, mandate and dilemma will play a varying role in each nation's attempt to formulate and execute a national cyber security strategy according to their specific conditions.
December 2012
"The Roles and Influence of the North Korean Military"
By Terence Roehrig, Research Fellow, International Security Program/Project on Managing the Atom
The armed forces have always played a vital role for states as their guarantor of national security. In addition, the military has often been a political actor with varying degrees of power and influence over budgets, foreign and defense policy, or a full-blown military dictatorship. Some are also significant players in the state economy. This chapter provides an assessment of the North Korean military's role and influence in all three areas — security, politics, and economics — as the country undergoes its second leadership transition to its young leader, Kim Jong-un.
October 2012
"North Korea's Nuclear Weapons Program: Motivations, Strategy, and Doctrine"
By Terence Roehrig, Research Fellow, International Security Program/Project on Managing the Atom
Despite continuing efforts to convince North Korea to relinquish its nuclear capability, it appears increasingly unlikely that it will ever do so. Pyongyang might be willing to curtail or freeze certain parts of the program but the likelihood of North Korean denuclearization is quickly fading. With Pyongyang likely to retain some level of nuclear-weapons capability, analysis turns to an assessment of how these weapons might be integrated into its defense posture. Using deterrence theory as the analytical framework, this chapter examines possible avenues for North Korea's nuclear weapons strategy and doctrine.
August 2012
"Assessing the Role of Security Assurances in Dealing with North Korea"
By John S. Park, Associate, Project on Managing the Atom
This chapter examines the relationship between security assurances and North Korean nuclear decision-making by focusing on four key areas: key geopolitical shocks that had a major impact on the North Korean regime; main sources of security assurances for North Korea over its history; this volume's hypotheses on security assurances based on how North Korea reacted to geopolitical shocks; and conditions under which security assurances may be most effective in dealing with North Korea in the future.
2012
"The Effectiveness and Legitimacy of Using Force to Prevent Nuclear Proliferation"
By Martin B. Malin, Executive Director, Project on Managing the Atom
This chapter examines instances in which states have used military force for the purpose of preventing or delaying an adversary’s acquisition of nuclear weapons. What can be learned from past cases? What are the barriers to effective military prevention? Under what conditions has the use of force been successful in proliferation cases? How is the policy perceived by neutral governments and what is the relationship between the perceived legitimacy of military action and its political effectiveness? The chapter reviews all cases in which force was used to attempt to destroy an adversary’s nuclear facilities.
May 22, 2012
"The Verification of the Peaceful Nature of Iran's Nuclear Program"
By Olli Heinonen, Senior Fellow, Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs
In this chapter, Olli Heinonen examines a decade of actions taken by Iran and the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) regarding Iran’s nuclear program. Heinonen suggests a number of measures Iran might take to provide assurance to the international community that it is not developing nuclear weapons. He writes: In tandem with the continued search for a negotiated political solution between the P5+1 and Iran, the IAEA should continue to press for commitments that would provide the best assurances on that Iran’s nuclear program is peaceful. This means that the verification process will have to be comprehensive and expansive. What this also means is that the current stage of unsatisfactory cooperation and approach by Iran to the IAEA needs to change. Given the past experiences, if Iran takes the opportunity of widening those with the following measures, the IAEA will be in a position to provide assurances about the scope of Iran’s nuclear program.
February 2012
"Falling Prey to Cybercrime: Implications for Business and the Economy"
By Melissa Hathaway, Senior Advisor, Explorations in Cyber International Relations
As American businesses, inventors, and artists market, sell, and distribute their products worldwide via the Internet, the threat from criminals and criminal organizations who want to profit illegally from their hard work grows. The threat from other nations wanting to jump start their industries without making the intellectual investment is even more disturbing. This fleecing of America must stop. We can no longer afford complacency and silence—we must find and use as many market levers as possible to change the path we are on.
March, 2012
Nuclear Modernization in China
By Hui Zhang, Senior Research Associate, Project on Managing the Atom
This new, groundbreaking study by Reaching Critical Will explores in-depth the nuclear weapon modernization programmes in China, France, India, Israel, Pakistan, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States, and analyzes the costs of nuclear weapons in the context of the economic crisis, austerity measures, and rising challenges in meeting human and environmental needs.
January 2011
"Conclusions and the Way Ahead"
By Calestous Juma, Professor of the Practice of International Development; Director, Science, Technology, and Globalization Project; Principal Investigator, Agricultural Innovation in Africa
A new economic vision for Africa's agricultural transformation— articulated at the highest level of government through Africa's Regional Economic Communities (RECs)—should be guided by new conceptual frameworks that define the continent as a learning society. This shift will entail placing policy emphasis on emerging opportunities such as renewing infrastructure, building human capabilities, stimulating agribusiness development, and increasing participation in the global economy. It also requires an appreciation of emerging challenges such as climate change and how they might influence current and future economic strategies.
